What is Brucethoa ISRO?

About Brucethoa ISRO

• It is a new species of deep-sea isopod discovered off the Kollam coast, Kerala.
• The tiny fish-parasitic crustacean, belonging to the genus Brucethoa, was recovered from the base of the gill cavity of the Spinyjaw greeneye, a marine fish.
• It is the second species within this genus to be documented in India.
• It has been named Brucethoa ISRO in honour of the Indian space agency’s successful space missions.
• Females of the species tend to be larger than males. Females grow to about 19 mm in length and 6 mm in width, while males are smaller at around half the size. 

What are Isopods?

• Isopods are an order of invertebrates (animals without backbones) that belong to the greater crustacean group of animals, which includes crabs and shrimp.
• Scientists estimate that there are around 10,000 species of isopods (all belonging to the order “Isopoda”). 
• They also live in many different types of habitats, from mountains and deserts to the deep sea, and they are distributed worldwide.
• Features:
  • They are one of the most morphologically diverse of all the crustacean groups, coming in many different shapes and sizes and ranging from micrometers to a half-meter in length.
  • Isopods often do not look alike, but they do have common features. For example, all isopods have two pairs of antennae, compound eyes, and four sets of jaws.
  • The body of all isopods consists of seven segments, each with its own pair of walking legs.
  • Isopods have a short abdominal section composed of six segments, called “pleons,” and one or more of these segments is fused into a tail section.
  • About half of the known species of isopods live in the ocean. Others live in coastal and shelf waters, moving around on the seafloor or living in plants.
  • Most are free-living, but a number of marine species are parasitic on other animals.

Q1) What are crustaceans? 

Crustaceans (make up a very large group of the Arthropods which include the crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, barnacles, brine shrimp, copepods, ostracods and mantis shrimp. They are invertebrates with a hard exoskeleton (carapace), a segmented body that is bilaterally symmetrical, more than four pairs of jointed appendages. Crustaceans are found in a wide range of habitats - most are free-living freshwater or marine animals, but some are terrestrial (e.g. woodlice), some are parasitic (e.g. fish lice) and some do not move (e.g. barnacles)

Source: New species of deep-sea isopod discovered off Kollam named after ISRO